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 Iron occurs in the minerala as hematite, taconite and pyrite. It is widely used in steel and other alloys Elevated iron levels in water can cause stains in plumbing, laundry and cooking utensils and can impart objectionable taste and colour to foods.  Phenanthroline method: Principle: Iron is brought into solution, reduced to the ferrous stste by boiling with acid and hydroxylamine, and treated with 1, 10-phenanthroline at pH 3.2 to 3.3. Three molecules of phenanthroline chelate each atom of rerrous ironto form an orange-red complex. The coloured solution obeys Beers's law, it's intensity is independent of pH from 3 to 9. The presence of an exess of   phenanthroline insures rapid colour development in the pH range between 2.9 to 3.5. Colour standars are stable for at least 6 months.  Instrument and Equipment: • Spectrophotometer PURPOSE: To describe the Laboratory standard operating procedure for measurement of Iron by Colorimetric method in Water and Waste Wat...